Thank you for you detailed answer. I don't think it's only about budget, a change in general policy can make wonders also. Here in France and starting with this year, we are moving from a quasi sovietoid system to something new and hopefully much, much more efficient in the middle term.
I guess I've been interested lately in the general policy behind one nation performances. We need some japanese people to ask them how they've done it
PS: yesterday night, I was listening to a sport scientist working for the french open water swimming team claiming that the Italian team had a a budget 10 times higher than the french one